Are you dreaming of a backyard orchard or food forest but think that because you’re in zone 2 or zone 3 you’re restricted to crab apples? Absolutely not! There are 28 hardy perennial fruits you can grow that are perfect for a cold climate and short growing season. I’ve done my best to suggest some better varieties when possible.
When you’re done reading about perennial fruits, you can also grow these 6 annual fruits from seed for even more fruit production.
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Hardy Fruit Growing Tips
Growing hardy fruits aren’t without their challenges. If you’re serious about starting a hardy fruit orchard on your property, you’ll want to get a copy of Growing Fruit in Northern Gardens. I personally own this book and turn to it again and again to make sure I’m setting up my fruit to be as successful as possible. Until you can grab a copy of this book, here’s a few tips to prevent you from making beginner mistakes.
- Most fruit trees require at least two of the same tree to pollinate and bear fruit. If you live in an urban centre and your neighbour has an apple tree, that could count as your second apple tree, as long as it blooms around the same time.
- If the tag says self-pollinating, you can just buy one.
- Most fruit trees, except the Nanking cherry, require full sun. Full sun means at least 6 (but preferably more) hours of direct sun a day.
- Baby your fruit tree for the first few years after planting. Fertilize and water thoroughly. Your tree should come with care instructions. If not, join the Growing Roots Gardening Community and ask us!
- Finally, don’t expect to get fruit the first year. Depending on the size of tree you bought, you might be waiting 3-6 years for your first harvest.
Have some fruit growing tips that you would like to share? Be sure to share them in the comments!
A short disclaimer: The varieties pictured may not be the varieties mentioned. I used my own photos where possible, but had to rely a lot on stock photography for this post. I tried to pick pictures that looked most like the varieties mentioned.
Apples
Yes, you can grow apples the size of the ones in the grocery store on the prairies. Honeycrisp is excellent for storage, Norkent and Odessey are good for fresh eating, and Serious is especially good for baking. Prairie Magic and Goodland are better varieties for those short on space.
Sweet Sixteen has the most interesting taste of spice, vanilla, cherry, and apple. The Wold River variety was prized for pie making. Legend has it you could make one pie with one apple.
Brown thumb? The 922-End Apple and September Ruby trees are hardy to zone 1.
Or try the TreasureRed columnar apple. Just don’t be disappointed that you paid $50 for a stick. I promise the stick will grow into a lovely tree.
If you’re from Saskatchewan, a trip out to the Petrofka Orchard is a must in both Spring and Fall for amazing-tasting, locally grown hardy apples.
Want to try making apple pies? Here’s how to organize an apple pie making day.
Apricot
Manchurian Apricots make for delicious fresh eating, jellies, and jams. You’ll love the gorgeous shell pink blooms in the spring. Be aware that you’ll get a good crop every second year, not every year.
Aronia
Aronia is the berry that just keeps on giving. It has gorgeous spring blooms, is a high in antioxidants, and has spectacular fall colour. Unpicked berries provide nice visual interest in winter. The Viking variety is one of the most productive.
Blackberries
The Chester blackberry is a versatile blackberry thats good for freezing, wine, jams and jellies, and fresh eating. The vine spreads rapidly, so it’s recommended that you grow it along a fence if you’re in an urban centre.
Blueberries
Blueberries can be purchased in both low bush and high bush varieties. The Northblue and Blue Gold varieties have the longest life-span in the refrigerator, giving you plenty of time to eat them before they go bad. Or give you a few extra day days to process them.
New to processing berries? Here’s my best tips and tricks to make everything go smoother.
Blueberries like acidic soil–more acidic than is typically found in the average-Saskatchewan-backyard soil. Try and plant blueberries near an evergreen tree if possible, as the soil is likely to be more acidic. You can always buy a home soil testing kit and check your soil’s acidity.
Chokecherries
Chokecherries are hardy to zone one and can be used as a windbreak shrub. These berries are only good for jelly, sypup, or juice and are very astringent. When the jam recipe says that you need more sugar than berries–believe it.
Chokecherry juice is also one of my favourite natural egg dyes. It makes a lovely purply-blue.
Think you're stuck growing crabapples and chokecherries just because you live in zone 2? Here's 28 fruits you can grow, plus my favourite varieties.Click To TweetCrab Apples
Where I’m from, it seems as if every yard has a crab apple tree. If you’re buying new and intending to eat your crab apples, make sure you don’t buy an ornamental variety! Crab apples are more sour than regular apples, but I actually like them better in my pies, jams, and jellies. I also love to juice them!
P.S. You need to try this Maple Spiced Crab Apple Butter. It will be your new favourite.
Cranberry
Like the aronia, cranberries are another giving fruit. White flowers emerge in June, followed by red fruit in the fall. You’ll love how red the leaves turn! Cranberry juice is a well-known remedy to help avoid UTI’s.
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Currants
I personally have many fond memories of picking wild currants with my family. We were lucky enough to have a couple of bushes right on our fields.
All varieties of currents are good for jams or jellies. Red Lake is good for wines and Ben Hope Black Currant is a favourite for juicing.
Elderberry
Elderberry is said to have lots of healing properties and has been used as a folk remedy in North America, Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia for centuries. It makes delicious jelly, pies, and wine.
Fig Tree
The Chicago Fig is a lovely tree that provide’s golf ball sized fruit and can reach up to 12 feet high. It is hardy to zone 5, so plant in a large pot and bring it indoors for the winter. It’s self-polinating, so you only need one.
Goji Berry (Wolfberry)
A nice small shrub loaded with delicious red berries. You can also use the young leaves in a stirfry.
Gooseberries
The Black Velvet Variety is similar to a blueberry and is good for baking, jams, or wine. Pixwell is virtually thornless and self-polinating. Jahn’s Prairie tastes similar to an apricot.
Grapes
Grapes plants are wonderful to use as a screen along a fence. The Prairie Star, Valiant, Kandiyohi, and Marquette varies are all good for juice, wine, jams, and jellies.
Haskap Honeysuckle
Haskaps are one of the hardiest fruits you can plant. The blooms can survive up to -8C!! Home gardeners will love the Borealis variety.
Cooked haskaps make delicious jams and tarts. Try my tart recipe here.
Kiwi
I was very surprised to learn that there is not only one, but two hardy kiwi varieties that can be grown in zone 2 or 3. The Chung Bai and Arctic Beauty varieties both grow fruit that is about 5 cm/2 inches in length. Pick the Arctic Beauty for its gorgeous green, pink, and white leaves!
Lingonberry
If you’ve ever been to Ikea, you’ll be familiar with the Lingonberry. They have a lovely tart taste that is similar to a cranberry.
Nanking Cherry
I like to think of nanking cherries as the original prairie cherry. They make excellent pie filling and have beautiful white spring blossoms. One of the few fruits that can grow in shade. Use them as part of your windbreak if you’re landscaping an acreage.
Pear
Pears require two varieties for pollination. You’ll want to order the Beedle Pear (hurray for the long storage life!) and the Early Gold Pear (great for fresh eating).
The Southworth variety is one of the few that have good production every year. Most pears are like apricots, in that they only produce well every second year.
Plum
The Pembina plum is a hardy freestone plum that bakes well in desserts. Keep it away from Nanking cherries, sand cherries, and double flowering plums, as they will cross pollinate and you won’t end up with the fruit you thought you would. La Crescent is a lovely yellow freestone plum that tastes like an apricot.
The Canada and America varieties are excellent pollinator trees.
Waneta, Brookgold, and Fofonoff (best name ever!) are also solid and tasty choices hardy to zone 2.
Plan the Perfect Garden
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Raspberries
We all think of Raspberries as being red, but did you know you can grow varieties in yellow (Honey Queen), purple (Royal Purple), and almost black (Wyoming Black)? Red River is an easy red variety to grow for beginners.
I love to make jam and freeze extra to make my copycat Tim Horton’s Raspberry Bran Muffins.
Love Raspberries? Here are 10 Recipes you need to try.
Rhubarb
Rhubarb is a wonderful fruit, but very hard to get rid of if you change your mind. Use it in crisps, jams, and pies. Pairs best with strawberry, and is always welcome in a bumble berry pie.
Sandcherry
The sand cherry has beautiful grayish leaves and can be used as a windbreak shrub. The fruit is best used in jams or wine.
Sandcherries, Nanking cherries, and Hardy semi-sweet cherries, oh my! You'll never guess how many cherry varieties you can grow on the Prairies.Click To TweetSaskatoon
I grew up on a farm with over 1000 Saskatoon berry bushes, so I have a special affinity for them. We planted the Smoky, Northline, and Theissen varieties. The Smoky variety was my favourite, as it had the largest and sweetest berries.
Read about my love of berry picking here, and try out this stunning Saskatoon berry cheesecake, these delicious muffins or classic Saskatoon Berry Pie.
Sea-Buckthorn
Sea Buckthorn makes a beautiful hedge in your yard and provides delicious fruit that contains Omega 3, Omega 6, Omega 9, and Omega 7. It’s also a good drought-resistant pick for xeriscapes.
Sour Cherries (Hardy Semi-Sweet Cherries)
Sour cherries have become my favourite of all the available prairie-hardy fruits. The U of S varieties are so good, you’ll want one of each: Carmine Jewel, Romeo, Juliet, Cupid, Crimson Passion, Valentine, and Cupid. If you’re obsessed like I am, you’ll also want to try the Rose Cherry or Evan’s Cherry.
This is the first year I juiced cherries and they are so good! I also freeze some for pies and to eat with my yogurt for breakfast. You’ll want to set aside a few this summer to make No-Churn Cherry Cheesecake Ice Cream, Sour Cherry Tarts, or Sour Cherry Jam.
Strawberries
Who doesn’t love a fresh garden strawberry on a hot summer day? Plant them in their own bed or a container for best results. The Kent variety is a good producer but has a short season. Fort Laramie is a very hardy everbearing variety. Try Seascape if you plan to freeze a lot of your fruit.
Love strawberries? You need to try Strawberry Feta Salad, Strawberry shortcake, and Strawberry Zucchini Cake.
Thimbleberry
Thimble berries are similar to raspberries. They have larger leaves and their canes are smooth instead of thorny. You’ll love them for their fruit and their fall colour!
With so many hardy fruits to try, which one will you choose? Let me know in the comments! I also love hearing your fruit growing stories, tips and tricks.
Want to know where you can purchase these trees? Two good sources are in 20+ Seed Companies and Nurseries to order from this Spring.
Kristen is a former farm kid turned urban gardener who owns the popular gardening website, Shifting Roots. She is obsessed with growing flowers and pushing the limits of what can be grown in her zone 3b garden. She also loves to grow tomatoes, but oddly enough, dislikes eating them raw.
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